Countries › Chile › Guide › 11. Real estate and land › Buying and owning real estate in Chile: foreign ownership, border zones, title registration, property tax and the owner surcharge, VAT, capital gains on sale, rentals, indigenous land and water rights
Buying and owning real estate in Chile: foreign ownership, border zones, title registration, property tax and the owner surcharge, VAT, capital gains on sale, rentals, indigenous land and water rights
Last verified: 2026-10-26 · Status: Changing
Foreigners can buy Chilean property on the same terms as Chileans, with no approval, but nationals and companies of Argentina, Bolivia and Peru are barred from declared border zones, and indigenous land and water rights follow their own rules. A sale needs a public deed and passes title only on registration with the Conservador de Bienes Raíces. Owners pay annual property tax of 0.893 to 1.042 percent of the SII assessment plus a surcharge on large holdings, and individuals pay no tax on up to 8,000 UF of lifetime gains on property held over a year; a 2027 reappraisal and new Ley Nº 21.850 rules are coming.
USD figures use the Central Bank exchange rate of CLP 986.58 per US dollar published in the Diario Oficial for 23 October 2026 (CVE 2891564). UF figures use the SII value of CLP 41,221.08 for 26 October 2026 and UTA figures the SII value of CLP 834,504 for December 2025, the month the 2026 surcharge bands use. Conversions are for orientation only.
Key facts
| Foreign ownership of urban property | Allowed on the same terms as Chileans; no approval needed textConstitution art. 19 Nº 23; Código Civil art. 57, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
|---|---|
| Border zone restriction on real estate | Nationals and companies of bordering countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Peru) barred in declared border zones unless exempted by supreme decree textDL Nº 1.939 art. 7, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Capital share held by nationals of a neighbouring country that brings a company under the border zone real estate ban | 40 %DL Nº 1.939 art. 7, as amended by Ley Nº 19.420, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Strip of state owned land near the border reserved to Chilean individuals and companies | 10 kmDL Nº 1.939 art. 6, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Form needed to transfer real estate | Public deed before a notary plus registration in the Conservador de Bienes Raíces textCódigo Civil art. 686 and art. 1801, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Annual property tax on residential property (below / above the rate change threshold) | 0.893 / 1.042 %Ley Nº 17.235 art. 7; DS Nº 437 of 2022, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Annual property tax on non residential, non agricultural property | 1.042 %Ley Nº 17.235 art. 7; DS Nº 437 of 2022 art. 1, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Residential assessment exempt from property tax, second half 2026 | 61711570 CLPLey Nº 17.235 art. 2, as of 2026-07-01 · in force |
| Residential assessment above which the higher property tax rate applies, second half 2026 | 220398431 CLPLey Nº 17.235 art. 7 letter c), as of 2026-07-01 · in force |
| Surcharge on urban vacant lots and abandoned properties | 100 % of the rateLey Nº 17.235 art. 8, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Top marginal surcharge on an owner's combined property assessments | 0.425 %Ley Nº 17.235 art. 7 bis, as amended by Ley Nº 21.420, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Combined assessment at which the owner surcharge starts, as applied by the SII after the 2022 reappraisal | 827 UTALey Nº 17.235 art. 7 bis Nº 3, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Next non agricultural reappraisal in force | 2027-01-01 dateLey Nº 21.806 art. 72, as of 2026-10-26 · pending |
| Lifetime gain on sales of real estate exempt for individuals (holding over one year) | 8000 UFDL Nº 824 art. 17 Nº 8 letter b) ii), as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Optional single tax on real estate gains above the exemption, individuals resident in Chile | 10 %DL Nº 824 art. 17 Nº 8 letter b) iii), as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| VAT on sales of real estate by habitual sellers, land value deductible | 19 %DL Nº 825 art. 2 Nº 3 and art. 17, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| VAT on leases of unfurnished real estate | Exempt textDL Nº 825 art. 12 letter E Nº 11, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Optional single tax on gross rent of small homes (third unit onward, up to 90 square metres) | 5 %Ley Nº 21.850 art. 3 (DFL Nº 2 of 1959 art. 24 bis), from 1 January 2027, as of 2026-10-26 · pending |
| Years of possession that give title to real estate by extraordinary prescription | 10 yearsCódigo Civil art. 2511, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
| Term of new water use rights granted by concession | 30 yearsCódigo de Aguas art. 6, Ley Nº 21.435, as of 2026-10-26 · in force |
The rule
Cost to do it: No foreign ownership fee or approval cost. The buyer's costs are the notary, the land registrar (Conservador de Bienes Raíces) and legal title review, which are charged by each office and firm and are not set as a single national amount.
Example: A US based family buys a CLP 300,000,000 apartment in Santiago in its own name with no prior authorisation, once registered in the RUT. / The same apartment is about US$304,081 at CLP 986.58 per US dollar; no foreign buyer surcharge applies.Constitución Política de la República (text set by Decreto Nº 100 of 2005) and Código Civil (text set by DFL Nº 1 of 2000, Ministerio de Justicia), Constitution art. 19 Nº 23; Código Civil art. 16, art. 57 and art. 997; Código Tributario (DL Nº 830) art. 66, 1980-10-24 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: An exemption decree has no published fee, but it requires reports from the Defence Staff and the Dirección de Fronteras y Límites and has no statutory deadline, so it is not a practical route for a time bound deal.
Example: An Argentine owned SpA (more than 40 percent of its capital held by Argentine nationals) cannot buy a CLP 500,000,000 lodge inside a declared border zone without a nominative supreme decree. / That lodge is about US$506,801; the same buyer can acquire property outside border zones freely.Decreto Ley Nº 1.939 of 1977, Normas sobre adquisición, administración y disposición de bienes del Estado (Diario Oficial 10 November 1977), as amended by Ley Nº 18.255, Ley Nº 19.256 and Ley Nº 19.420, Art. 6, art. 7, art. 8 and art. 9, 1977-11-10 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: Notary and registrar fees are charged by each notary and Conservador and vary with the price and the number of registrations; no single statutory figure applies nationwide.
Example: A promissory sale agreement (promesa) signed privately does not transfer the apartment; the buyer becomes owner only on registration of the deed in the Conservador. / On a purchase of about US$304,081 (CLP 300,000,000), the buyer bears the risk of a competing registration until its own title is registered.Código Civil (text set by DFL Nº 1 of 2000, Ministerio de Justicia), Art. 686, art. 687, art. 1801, art. 2508 and art. 2511, 2000-05-30 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: On an apartment assessed at CLP 300,000,000: CLP 1,417,074 on the first band, CLP 829,448 on the excess and CLP 19,900 of fiscal surcharge, about CLP 2,266,422 a year (about US$2,297) before municipal waste charges.
Example: Assessment CLP 300,000,000 less exempt CLP 61,711,570; band one (CLP 158,686,861 at 0.893 percent) gives CLP 1,417,074; the excess over CLP 220,398,431 (CLP 79,601,569 at 1.042 percent plus 0.025 percent) gives CLP 849,348; total about CLP 2,266,422 a year, paid in four instalments of about CLP 566,606. / An assessment of about US$304,081 pays about US$2,297 a year, roughly 0.76 percent of the assessed value, at second half 2026 thresholds.Ley Nº 17.235 sobre Impuesto Territorial, text set by DFL Nº 1 of 1998, Ministerio de Hacienda (Diario Oficial 16 December 1998); rates set by Decreto Supremo Nº 437 of 2022, Ministerio de Hacienda (Diario Oficial 12 April 2022); thresholds per SII, Ley Nº 17.235 art. 2, art. 7, art. 8 and art. 25; DS Nº 437 of 2022 art. 1 and art. 2, 2022-04-12 official text · verified 2026-10-26 · changed: The non agricultural reappraisal due on 1 January 2026 was suspended by art. 72 of Ley Nº 21.806 (in force 1 January 2026, per SII Resolución Ex. Nº 22 of 5 February 2026) and now takes effect on 1 January 2027; the agricultural reappraisal moves to 1 January 2029. Ley Nº 21.850 of 17 October 2026 (art. 10) adds a full exemption, from 1 January 2027, for the principal home of individuals aged 65 or more, claimed through an annual sworn statement.
Cost to do it: At the December 2025 UTA of CLP 834,504, the surcharge starts at a combined assessment of about CLP 690,134,808 (827 UTA, about US$699,522).
Example: An investor whose apartments are assessed at a combined CLP 1,000,000,000 pays 0.075 percent on CLP 309,865,192, about CLP 232,399 a year, on top of property tax. / On about US$1.01 million of combined assessments the surcharge is about US$236 a year; it grows quickly above about US$1.58 million (1,863 UTA), where the 0.425 percent band starts.Ley Nº 17.235, text set by DFL Nº 1 of 1998, art. 7 bis added by Ley Nº 21.210 (Diario Oficial 24 February 2020) and amended by Ley Nº 21.420 (Diario Oficial 4 February 2022), Art. 7 bis, 2020-02-24 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: The 8,000 UF lifetime exemption is about CLP 329,768,640 (about US$334,254) at the UF of CLP 41,221.08 for 26 October 2026.
Example: A Chilean resident sells after three years with an indexed gain of CLP 400,000,000; the first CLP 329,768,640 is exempt and the remaining CLP 70,231,360 pays CLP 7,023,136 under the 10 percent single tax option. / On a gain of about US$405,441, about US$334,254 is exempt and the 10 percent option costs about US$7,119; a non resident seller pays the impuesto adicional on the excess instead.Decreto Ley Nº 824, Ley sobre Impuesto a la Renta, art. 17 Nº 8 letter b) as replaced by Ley Nº 21.210 (Diario Oficial 24 February 2020), Art. 17 Nº 8 letter b) i) to iv), 2020-02-24 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: VAT is a cost for buyers that cannot recover it (individuals and VAT exempt lessors); a business buyer using the property in taxed activities can use it as a credit.
Example: A developer sells a new apartment for a net price of 5,000 UF (CLP 206,105,400) including land acquired for 1,000 UF (CLP 41,221,080); VAT is 19 percent of CLP 164,884,320, or CLP 31,328,021. / On a net price of about US$208,909, VAT is about US$31,754 after deducting the land value.Decreto Ley Nº 825, Ley sobre Impuesto a las Ventas y Servicios, as amended by Ley Nº 20.780 (Diario Oficial 29 September 2014), Ley Nº 20.899 (Diario Oficial 8 February 2016) and Ley Nº 21.210, Art. 2 Nº 3, art. 8 letter g), art. 12 letter E Nº 11 and art. 17, 2014-09-29 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: 5 percent of gross rent, paid through monthly provisional payments of one twelfth of the rate and an annual return.
Example: A third 60 square metre unit let at CLP 600,000 a month earns CLP 7,200,000 a year and pays CLP 360,000 under the 5 percent option. / Rent of about US$608 a month pays about US$365 a year.Ley Nº 21.850, Para la reconstrucción nacional y el desarrollo económico y social (Diario Oficial 17 October 2026), adding art. 24 bis and art. 24 ter to DFL Nº 2 of 1959, Ley Nº 21.850 art. 3, art. noveno transitorio Nº 1 and art. décimo octavo transitorio, 2026-10-17 official text · verified 2026-10-26 · changed: New option created by Ley Nº 21.850 of 17 October 2026, effective 1 January 2027; before it, rents from these homes beyond the first two were taxed under the general income tax rules.
Cost to do it: No fee, but a void purchase means the whole price is at risk; budget for a title review that checks for indigenous land status.
Example: A ten year lease of land owned by an indigenous individual for a solar or tourism project is void beyond what the law allows; the maximum is five years. / A project paying US$50,000 a year in rent cannot secure more than five years of tenure on such land by lease.Ley Nº 19.253, Ley Indígena (Diario Oficial 5 October 1993), Art. 12 and art. 13, 1993-10-05 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: Water rights are priced separately from land in each basin; no statutory price applies.Código de Aguas, DFL Nº 1.122 of 1981, art. 6 as replaced by Ley Nº 21.435 (Diario Oficial 6 April 2022), Art. 6, 2022-04-06 official text · verified 2026-10-26
Cost to do it: No cost to the owner; the State must pay compensation in cash before taking possession.Constitución Política de la República (text set by Decreto Nº 100 of 2005), Art. 19 Nº 24, 1980-10-24 official text · verified 2026-10-26
| Item | Rule | CLP | USD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Property tax, if assessed at the price | 0.893 percent up to CLP 220,398,431 after the CLP 61,711,570 exemption, 1.042 percent plus 0.025 percent above | 2,266,422 a year | 2,297 a year |
| Owner surcharge | Only if combined assessments exceed 827 UTA (about CLP 690 million) | 0 | 0 |
| Rent income tax, unfurnished lease | General income tax rules; no VAT on unfurnished leases. 5 percent single tax option from 2027 only for qualifying small homes from the third unit | Depends on the owner's tax position | Depends on the owner's tax position |
| Gain on sale after more than one year | Exempt up to 8,000 UF lifetime; excess under final taxes or the 10 percent option for residents | Exempt up to 329,768,640 | Exempt up to 334,254 |
Annual taxes on holding and selling a CLP 300,000,000 apartment (about US$304,081) bought by an individual, using second half 2026 property tax thresholds, the UF of CLP 41,221.08 (26 October 2026) and CLP 986.58 per US dollar (Ley Nº 17.235 art. 7 and 7 bis; DS Nº 437 of 2022; DL Nº 824 art. 17 Nº 8 b); Ley Nº 21.850 art. 3).
| Property | Chilean or other foreign buyer | National or company of Argentina, Bolivia or Peru |
|---|---|---|
| Private property outside border zones | Free | Free |
| Private property in a declared border zone | Free | Barred unless exempted by supreme decree |
| State land within 10 km of the border | Chilean individuals and companies only | Barred |
| State land within 5 km of the coast | Chileans; foreigners domiciled in Chile with a favourable Subsecretaría de Marina report | Same as other foreigners, subject to border zone rules |
| Indigenous land | Only indigenous persons or communities of the same ethnic group | Same |
Who can buy what, by buyer type (Constitution art. 19 Nº 23; Código Civil art. 57; DL Nº 1.939 art. 6 and art. 7; Ley Nº 19.253 art. 13).
Worked example
- A US investor buys a used apartment in Santiago for CLP 300,000,000 (about US$304,081) in their own name. They get a RUT, sign a promissory agreement, then the deed before a notary, and become owner when the Conservador registers it (Código Civil art. 686 and art. 1801). No VAT applies because the seller is a private owner (DL Nº 825 art. 2 Nº 3).
- If the SII assessment equals the price, property tax for 2026 runs at about CLP 2,266,422 (about US$2,297) a year in four instalments (Ley Nº 17.235 art. 7; DS Nº 437 of 2022). The owner surcharge does not apply because the combined assessment is below 827 UTA.
- If the investor leases the apartment unfurnished, rent is VAT exempt (DL Nº 825 art. 12 E Nº 11) and taxed under the income tax as a non resident; furnished short stay letting is subject to VAT.
- On a sale after more than one year at an indexed gain of CLP 400,000,000, the first 8,000 UF (about CLP 329,768,640) is not income. A non resident pays the impuesto adicional on the excess of about CLP 70,231,360; had the investor been resident in Chile they could choose the 10 percent single tax, CLP 7,023,136 (about US$7,119) (DL Nº 824 art. 17 Nº 8 b)).
- If the buyer were an Argentine national and the property sat in a declared border zone, the purchase would be barred without a nominative supreme decree, and the notary would require a sworn statement of nationality (DL Nº 1.939 art. 7 and art. 8).
Step by step
- 1. Register in the RUT with the SII (Código Tributario art. 66) and keep records of the inflow of the purchase funds, which the FX rules may require you to report and the SII may review as to their source (Ley Nº 17.235 art. 7 bis Nº 2; see FX and capital controls).
- 2. Check the property: title certificates from the Conservador covering the chain of ownership (prescription periods are 5 and 10 years, Código Civil art. 2508 and art. 2511), mortgages and prohibitions, the SII assessment and property tax status, and zoning. For rural or southern land also check border zone status (DL Nº 1.939 art. 7), indigenous land status (Ley Nº 19.253 art. 13) and the water rights registered with it (Código de Aguas art. 6).
- 3. Sign a promissory sale agreement (promesa) setting price, deadline and conditions.
- 4. Sign the sale deed before a notary (Código Civil art. 1801); a mortgage securing bank financing is a real right that is created by registration in the same way (Código Civil art. 686).
- 5. Register the title, and any mortgage, in the Conservador for the property's location; ownership passes on registration (art. 686 and art. 687).
- 6. Update the SII roll and pay property tax in April, June, September and November; check each January whether combined holdings trigger the art. 7 bis surcharge.
- 7. Before selling, keep the acquisition deed and evidence of improvements declared to the SII, which form the indexed tax cost (DL Nº 824 art. 17 Nº 8 b) i)).
Common traps
- Treating a signed promissory agreement as ownership. Title passes only on registration in the Conservador; until then a seller's creditors or a second buyer can intervene.
- Assuming nationality does not matter. Nationals of Argentina, Bolivia and Peru, and companies 40 percent owned or controlled by them, cannot buy in declared border zones without a supreme decree, and the notary will ask for a sworn statement (DL Nº 1.939 art. 7 and art. 8).
- Buying a farm without its water. Water use rights are a separate real right; check that they are registered and transferred, and that newer rights carry a 30 year term (Código de Aguas art. 6).
- Buying or leasing indigenous land from a non indigenous chain or for more than five years. Such contracts are absolutely void (Ley Nº 19.253 art. 13).
- Selling within a year, or within four years for subdivided land or new apartments. The 8,000 UF exemption and the 10 percent option do not apply in those cases (DL Nº 824 art. 17 Nº 8 b) iv)).
- Forgetting that the 8,000 UF exemption is lifetime and per person, not per property; the SII keeps the record of prior sales.
- Leaving urban land vacant. It pays double property tax (Ley Nº 17.235 art. 8).
- Budgeting on current assessments for 2027. The suspended non agricultural reappraisal takes effect on 1 January 2027 (Ley Nº 21.806 art. 72), so assessments and the surcharge bands may change.
- Letting furnished units without VAT registration. Furnished leases are VAT taxable (DL Nº 825 art. 8 g)), unlike unfurnished ones.
Sources
- Constitución Política de la República, text set by Decreto Nº 100 of 2005 (Ley Chile, Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional)
- Código Civil, text set by DFL Nº 1 of 2000, Ministerio de Justicia (Ley Chile)
- Decreto Ley Nº 1.939 of 1977 on state property and border zone restrictions (Ley Chile)
- Ley Nº 17.235 sobre Impuesto Territorial, text set by DFL Nº 1 of 1998 (Ley Chile)
- Decreto Supremo Nº 437 of 2022, Ministerio de Hacienda, property tax rates for non agricultural property (Ley Chile)
- SII, Reajustes y exenciones de Impuesto Territorial (second half 2026 values)
- SII, Resolución Ex. Nº 22 of 5 February 2026, applying art. 72 of Ley Nº 21.806 to the 2026 reappraisal
- SII, Sobretasa de impuesto territorial (bands and rates)
- SII, De avalúo fiscal a contribuciones paso a paso (first half 2026 worked example)
- Ley Nº 21.850 of 17 October 2026 (Ley Chile)
- Decreto Ley Nº 824, Ley sobre Impuesto a la Renta (Ley Chile)
- Decreto Ley Nº 825, Ley sobre Impuesto a las Ventas y Servicios (Ley Chile)
- Ley Nº 19.253, Ley Indígena (Ley Chile)
- Código Tributario, DL Nº 830 of 1974 (Ley Chile)
- Código de Aguas, DFL Nº 1.122 of 1981 (Ley Chile)
- Banco Central de Chile exchange rates for 23 October 2026, Diario Oficial CVE 2891564
- SII, Unidad de Fomento 2026
- SII, UTM and UTA 2025
Related pages
- taxes/tax-system-overview
- entities/choosing-an-entity
- fx/fx-and-capital-controls
- finance/capital-markets-banking-and-credit
- investing/foreign-investment-regime
- immigration/visas-and-residence
- start/start-here
- /country/chile/
- /calendar/
- /dashboard/
- https://theargentinethread.com/guide/
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